The phoneme : its nature and use / Daniel Jones

Speech Sounds. -- The Phoneme. -- Phonetic Transcrittion. -- The Semantic Function of Phonemes. -- Other Significant Elements. -- Minimal Distinction. -- Examples of Phonemic Grouping. -- Differences of Usage in Different Languages. -- Acoustic Impressions. -- Ascertaining the Phonemes of a Language. -- Need for Accurate Analysis. -- Difficulties in Identying Sounds in Special Sequences. -- Identification of Sounds by Characteristics of Adjoining Sounds. -- Some Difficulties in Establishing Phonemic Groupings. -- Gliding Sounds and Compound Sounds. -- Coloured Vowels. -- Vowels and Consonants as Members of the Same Phoneme. -- Manner of Use as a Criterion. -- The Overlapping of Phonemes. -- Di-Phonemic Sounds. -- Functions of Lengh, Stress and Voice-Pitch. -- Significant Lenght. -- Chronemes. -- Stress, Prominence. -- Tonemes. -- Distinctions by Complexex of Attributes. -- Diaphones. -- Erratic Pronunciation. -- Mentalistic and Functional Conceptions of the Phoneme. -- The Practical Use of the Theory of Phonemes. -- Further Remarks on Phonemic Writing. -- The Phoneme in the History of Languages.

Lenguaje y lenguas