Learning to Solve Problems : An Instructional Design Guide / David H. Jonassen

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Capítulo 1: What Is Problem Solving?. -- What Are Problemas adn How Do They Vary?. -- Structuredness. -- Complexity. -- Dinamicity. -- Domain (Contetx) Specificity/ Abstracness. -- What Is Problem Solving, and How Does It Vary?. -- Story Problems. -- Troubleshooting Problems. -- Case and System and Policy Analysis Problems. -- Capítulo 2: Desingning Learning Environments to Support Problem Solving. -- Story Problems. -- Problem Type and Typology. --Worked Examples. -- Practice Items. -- Content Instruction. -- Troubleshooting Problems. -- Conceptual Models. -- Troubleshooter. -- Case Library. -- Worked Examples. -- Practice Items. -- Case, Systems, or Policy Analysis Problems. -- Problem Presentation. -- Problem Representation Tools. -- Capítulo 3: Presenting Problems to Learners. -- Problem Posing. -- Anchoring Problems in Macrocontexts. -- Case-Based Instruction. -- Components of Case Problems. -- Case Format. -- Capítulo 4: Tools for Representing Problems by Learners. -- Representing Semantic Organization. -- Representing Causal Reasoning. -- Casual Modeling. -- Influence Diagrams. -- Expert Systems. -- Modeling Dynamic Systems. -- Capítulo 5: Associating Solutions with Problems. -- Worked Examples: Modeling Performance. -- Subgoal. -- Self-Explanations. -- Using Worked Examples. -- Case Libraries: Teaching with Stories. -- Supporting Problems Solving with Stories. -- Collecting Stories. -- Cognitive Flexibility Hypertexts: Conveying Complexity. -- Understanding Sexula Harassment. -- Freedom of Expression. -- Medical Diagnosis. -- Capítulo 6: Supporting Solutions. -- Simulations. -- Using Microworlds to Simulate Solutions. -- Building Learning Objects to Simulate Solutions. -- Building Simulation of Problems. -- Using Versus Building Similation. -- Argumentation. -- Argumentation Skills. -- Argumentation Technologies. -- Capítulo 7: Reflecting on Problem-Solving Processes. -- Peer Instruction and Thinking-Aloud Pair Problem Solving. -- Peer Instruction. -- Thinking-Aloud Pair Problem Solving. -- Techbacks and Abtracted Replays. -- Teachbacks. -- Abstracted Replays. -- Coding Protocols. -- Capítulo 8: Assesing Problem Solution and Learning. -- Assesing Problem-Solving Performance. -- Constructing Rubrics. -- Heuristics for Developing an Effective Rubric. -- Assesing Component Skills. -- Story Problems. -- Troubleshooting Problems. -- Case Analysis Problems. -- Knowledge Representation Tools. -- Assesing Argumentation and Jutification. -- Objetive Forms of Assesment of Argumentation. -- Coding Student Arguments. -- Assesing Student Essays and Problems-Solving Accounts.

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